Process for making wire-glass.



o. J. IUNGBRS.

PROGESSIOR MAKING WIRE GLASS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27. 1909.

Patented Oct. 26, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

C. J. JUNGERS.

PROCESS FOR MAKING WIRE GLASS.

. APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, 1909.

938,385, l i Patented 0ct.26,1909.A

SHEETS-SHEET 2.

regards uniformityA of structure, clearness,

(JIiEll/.IENT J'. JUNGERS, OF STRETOR, 'l ILLINOIS.

PReoEss FOR MAKING WIRE-GLASS.,

To ali -'whom it may 'cof/wem:

Be it known that I, CLEMENT J. JUNGERS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Streator, in the county ofLasalle and State of Illinois, have invented certa-'in `new and useful Improvements in Processes for Making VireeGlass, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved.`-

process for making'wi're glass. Among the inain objects of the invention are to provide a. processv whereby so-called 4wireglass may be made by a novel singler pour method y will result which vwill be-fr'ee from the ob.

and whereby a new product jectionable characteristics heretoforel inherentto wire glass made by any of the'singlepour processes heretofore known, and as vcontra-distinguished from such earlier 'prod' ucts will be smooth-surfaced, clear, brilliant', formation, and *will of uniform undistorted have .the wire fabric placed therein so 4accurately and uniformly that the product will be entirely suitable for polishing'v and .for other purposes to which high grade'wire glass is adapted; to lessen the-operations, the time of operations and the numberof persons employed in performing such operiA thereby Very ations in rolling out the glass,

materially economizing 4in cost; and to proi Cluce an article which while being fully-.thel

equal of the best so-called Asandwich glass as brilliancy, etc., is at the same timel made from a single casting or pour of glass'rolled out as a single sheet, and therefore possesses greater uniformity of texture throughoiit'- -than is possible where, as in thev sandwich processes, the completed sheet isforine-d of jinafter described, and more .two separately poured and separate rolled lia-lf sheets superposed and welded together.

The invention consists in the matters hereparticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

l The invention will be'readily i'inderstoodI from the following description, reference/be?.

ing had to the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof, and lin which is illus# tra ted suitable and novel apparatus for carrying out. the process.

In said drawings-Figure 1 is a longitu dinal vertical sectional view of the casting bed, the forming rolls andl feeding devices Specification of Letters Patent. Applicatinled May-27, 1909. Serial No. 498,647. I

- between. these two parts a detail, partly in axial sectionand 'in side elevation, of the roll shown in QFig. 5 but on a larger scale.

glass with gNo. 12,443, issued January v30, 1906,' to the fadmin'strator of E; C. 'Sohmertz,deceased, isaid description being, foundjimmediately lfollowing the statementofinven'tion ofthat above referred y "out obviating .these defects, so tl-ia`tat the Lpresent'tin'ie it is understood j that lthe der` A fects referredt'o exist in all single-'pour proc- .essesy and singlesheet structure wire glass.A v 7 'The Schmertz reissue, describes asthe subject Vmatter of'that patent a processof making Wire -glass by one pf the recesses,- Various modi-r wich process are in siiclof an apparatus adapted to carryout. the invention; Fig. 2 1s a cross sectional-view on v line 2-2 of Fig. l looking inthe ldirection of the arrows; Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the Patented oma-26.115,09."

Parts shown in Fig. 1 Fig. 4 is an axial sec I' tional view of .one of the foriningrolls-a-nd a cross' sectional View of the casting bed beneath the roll, intended to show the relation of the roll exaggerated; sectional view` of the embedding roll; Fig. partly and the'concavity 4 Fig.l 5f is an axial A method'of making wire-glass'in acoordi gance with a single-pour process heretofore rwidely used, andr the defects inherent to made by such method, are set forth substantialaccuracy in Reissue Patent patent.

to v,have lbeen' tried, but withaboveA referred to,

y"so-,called sandwich licationsofthe san I I cessful` useltoday. Wire glass of the high,- est qualit-y is .nowbeing largelyinade sub- 0 Modifications of 'the single-pour method i stantially in accordance with myprevious,

lLetters Patent No. 867,510,dated October,

vIliaccordance vwith presentinvention, I depart Ifrom the sandwich process or method, which is now generally understood as being the only process'whe'reby a polishable glass, a glassliaving` a. smooth and biil liant surface .capablexof being readily cut.,

@and wherebyv sheets of any considerable length and width can beproduced, and reverting back to the single-pour method, I lhave so changed' and improved such single. pour method as to produce wire glass not linferior. te that which is produced by the 1907 ,this being ohe'of thel so-called sandi lwich processes. f.

' tions.

ing of it in the finished product; the scarring of the surface during the introduction of the wire and failure of the following or finishing roll to eliminate these scars; the abnormal chilling andI hardening of the surface of the glass rendering it very difficult if not impossible to cut.; the roughness or unevenness due to uneven placing of the wire appearing upon the surface of the glass, this defect being so pronounced that thc glass, as stated in said patent above referred to, has

become known as caramel glass the presence of a serious amount of bubbles in the finished product the presence of streaks visible 1n the body of the glass in the finished product; the limitation as to the size of /sheets which it was practicable' to make under the old single-pour processes; the

presence of small cracks, crizzles or -firechecks in the bottom surface of the glass; and an undulatory or uneven placing of the wire mesh in the finished product, leaving parts of the wire so close to one surface or the other that polishing was impracticable.

` I have discovered that there have been at least two distinct and important reasons for theV defective character of the. .so-called single-pour process glass heretofore produced.

fabric, woven in different widths and so used for the different widths o f glass. The fabric 4has considerable elasticityr and inevitably stretches under the laction vof embedding it in the glass, but the edges of the fabric are decidedly less elasticthanthe central porthe single-pour processes there has been no rproper or sufficient control of the feeding in of the wire netting, and as a result the wire netting has not been,.e\'en initially, placed in a substantially undeviatmg plane at a -uniform de th from the surface of the glass Secondly, 1tv has always been believed essential toifollow the embedding rolle vwith ,asmoothing roller arranged to re-roll the sheet of glass with a vview of closing and smoothing out the openings or cuts formed l by the embedded flanges and by the meshes of the wire, Such re-rollingis not in itself necessaril an improperstep, .though I have discovered' that it may sometimes be dispensed with, but as heretofore performed4 it Heretofore in the carrying out ofv has been so carried out as to make'the production of ood wire glass impossible. That is to say, Iv ave discovered how to subject the sheet of glass after the wire has .been inset toa. rolling-pressing step without harmful .duced and properl p low the embeddin effect upon. the sheetwhereas, as will hereinafter be more fully pointed out, this smoothing step has heretofore been so performed that it practically re-formed the' sheet and in si) doing displaced and usually more or less distorted the netting.

The recise nature of my present invention will be best understood by a description thereof as practiced. f

In carrying out my resent process, I prefer to employ an orrfinary Vcasting bed or table 1, which is referably water-cooled, and which bed may the roll or rolls arranfred to travel while the roll Ior rolls are held5 against bodily trav! ersing movement in a suitable frame in which they are journaled.

My resent process involves the introductiongo the Wire into a single-sheet structure by the use of a roller provided with embedding Hannes which press the wire into the glass to the requisite de th, and 1n this respect m process resemb es the old methods. Hereto ore, however, it has always been thought essential to employ ya,r following smoothing roller to close the cuts or; openingsmade by the embedding flanges and by v the meshes of the wire. I have discovered that by complying with certain conditions, and employing certain manipulations, the sheet of glass can bes read, the wire introfaced therein, and the cuts or openings c osed to make a complete commercial sheet of glass, all bythe use of a single roll and as a single operation. That` vis to say, a salient feature of my resent inwhich is accurately placed in a substantially undeviating plane the sheet of wire netting, and this sheet once fori/ned and inset with the wire netting is thereafternot subst-alb tially rte-formed5 or its mass redistributed or tortured to an substantialv effect. Incase of making' thic glass, say from three-eighths' inch upward, such as is commonly used for either stationary, with polishm`g' 1I can, in accordance with my present method,form the sheet complete and finished with thel single roll which, serves 'both to'spread the sheet and embed the netting. In such case the glass will as to its inset surface be slightly uneven, showing shallow valleys or undulaticns defining the paths of the embedding flanges, but the surface will be so smooth that the subsequent polishing will readily dress away the un.- evenness, or the glass can be used nicely, andv readily cut, without any subsequent treatment whatever. However, where the glass is made thin', say one-fourth inch or there abonner if the glass is to be finished with averysmooth or uniform inset surface, I fol- U and spreading roll with asmoothingroll, lint I employ for this purpose al roll or rolls of such character, and I ceases' so perform this smoothing step, as to en- 'nates the same thickness itl flanges, the. table at a distance slightly greaterthan. -20` iianges,

ferredconstruction tirely avoid those objections which have been very serious if not fatal defects to the making of high class wire glass infaccordance with the older processes.

Referring again to the drawing, 2 desigcombined spreading andv embedding roll, which is vsupported at 'such' height above vthe bed of the table as to spread Vthe glass out into a sheet 3 of approximately the will have as a' mshed sheet. on' trangs 4, or it may be provided vwith collars or ribs in which are well-known expedients. 'In eitherevent the lower periphery of 'the main 'body of the roll, disregarding the embedding is supported: parallel with andabove the 'thickness of the finished sheet. 'That is to "say, the embedding-flanges of necessity have substantial thickness and-in entering the glass displace the latterupwardly or toward the axis ofthe roll, V.and thus upwardly displace fills the cuts formedj by the embedding so thatfthe mean thickness 'of the sheet will bevslightly .less than the distance V' A between'the Vperiphery ofthe body'ofthe'ioll and' the table.

As shown'more particularly 'in and '.6, the --embedding fiang'es of the preshown are formed'fas disks 6 vwhich are detachably'-moi1litedjipon lan inner roll ,body or core 7, 'and 'spaced apart at regular distancesby'me'a'ns of; 1re# which v.form j the sheet.

movable collars 8, 'the outer-surfaces "ofy which collarsv constitute S' reading surfaces hese .'d1sk's'6f and theispacing'coll'ars 8 are either 'formed f some dense lneegrained met'ahsuchas steel ..suitable metal, vwhich 'if formed of oo'ars'er with nickel or'other will afford a smooth, dense surface upon thefacting edgesfof'the o rline iron," or else, metal, 'may"be"`plated disks and spreading surfacesy ofthe collars.

practicallyalljat-one side,as indieatedfat- Furthermore, in"` the preferred construction" shown-,'ithe'edges ofthese disks -a're beveled 9, whilefthe opposed side'lO of'eaeh Vdisk is' :perpendicular tofthe axis. of the rollgf'the edge proper 11' being n ioderateli7 sharp :but

ding or insetting fof the wiref be sperf-rm'ed by 'the leadingior spreading roll,- 1t.is zessen'-` thickness y of glass' place of the trangs, lbethl of d glass subsequently flows ba'clrand` are the better,

during their rear of theA embeddingv roll.

. discovered vmprp'e'xr flanges.

' or -leftinthe As shown more'clea'rly 'in the "drawing, the

important that @the iirin eontact withf thel enter andpass through the spaces' without any substantial tendency to cling to the rear side 'of the roll as the latter'revolves, or to push ahead of the roll. @n the other hand, the 'langes l'must be vspaced 'sufficiently close toinset. the wire without leaving it in undulations. lObviously the thinner the flanges so far as their action upon the glass is concerned, but on the other hand it 'must be taken into account that the vflanges must have substantial thickness or 'mass' in order that they' shall not become overheated progress through the` glass, because whenever ythe metal becomes overheated the glass sticks vto it, and this results in 80 thewsheetbeing drawn up wave-fashion in .I .have .found flanges of one-eighth inch thickness at thef basefto give 'good 'result-s, and lprefer-tof space them about onefhalf inchapartfor l8 5- thinl glass, and about double this distance' for -one-half'inch or heavy glass.

The importance of 1using 'embedding flanges having suitably 'dense and-*smooth surfaces isa matter which- 'hasheretofore not been vappreciated or l'mderstood. "I have 'that the streaks defining the paths ofA the embedding ilan'ges in l*the vfinished' glassfare usually enti-rely'due to the use 'of Of course,- if the"ianges are not kept scrupulou'sly' clean t-heyv will g produce streaks. regardlessofftheir quality, but 'assuming the embed-ding' -ii'anges -to vbe clean, still thefart asheretoforeprac-x ticed the paths "of the thin-gesv ha've 'beenY clearly visible, 'and this has "been dueto the `fact; thatthe 'poresy of the metal 'deposited or gas. which expanded into minute bubbles aks, inwhich 'there may usallybe size." 1 have demonstrated, howeve'r, that if a very dense, smooth metal be 'employed for these' embedding `flanges,

invention resides in ln'raintaining alreliable placed; -Ij-"o'fsec'u'refthis'maintained and "close contact with th 4kept underj'ccurate'control fand 'not 4allowed to descend looselyv e 4"flanges the "wire Amust :be

portanti that. the'wirebe kept ,latillly spread y out in ,a straight' line across itsj-full "width,

andfprfe'rably kepttaut under; more or less* tensinA To accomplish-'thisficontrolfof the 130 or 'for'surfcingfthe i i l same, then-#this dimethyjisgytuy'elimi. 1 10 i and-"essential"featureefthe v i d wire, I have devised special feeding devices which I'will now describe.

The wire is arranged to pass from any suitable source of-supply, as for example from a table-like chute 12 whereon it is initiallly laid in suitable lengths, to and thougi apair of tension rollers 13, 14, thence past and in peripheral contact with a stretching-out. roll"15 of special construction which `operates to distend the wire laterally witha gentle or slight but continuous tension, andthenee beneath the main roll. The tension rolls 13 and Mpmay have smooth, cylindric peripheries, and they are journaled 15 parallel with eachother; the lower roll being mounted in substantially fixed' lower journals 16 and the upper roll having its trunnions 17 confined in forks 18 which are of such depth" as to let the periphery of 20 the roll ride with its full Weightupon the lower roll. It follows that when they wire is passed between these rolls the weight o f the upper one produces a tension upon the wire, an this'tension (which need not be great) may be increased if desired by placing added weights or springs u on the'extended trunnions of the upper ro l. The stretching roll is journaledin fixed journals, as indicated at 19, and its riphery is formed into two .30 oppositel pitc ed prominent screw-threaded or spiral corrugated portions, as 20, 20, each of w ich covers half the length of the roll so that the two meet at the center of the latter. The wire, in being drawn lpast this stretching n L, rotates the latter, and the directim of pitch of the two threaded portions is such as to effect a spreading action u n the wire and stretch it from edge to ge. `It will be noted that the location of 40 the spreading roll is such with reference to the front side of the main roll that the wire isheld in contact with the latter to a'point above that reached by the ball of glass. Furthermore, the lateral spreading tension '45, will be to an extent controlled and effected bythe longitudinal tension. Anotherv feature of the apparatus which' contributes to the reliability and success of the method is the provision of means whereby the pouring or dumping of the glass upon the table may be gradual and contlnued throughout the chief vpart ofthe spreading operation, thereby .enabling the ladleman to keep a relatively smal but sufficient quantity of glass in front of the roll at all times during the forming of the sheet. `For this purposea pair of support ving bars 21, 22, are mounted parallel ywith, and in advance of, the main 'roll in'such 50 position lthat they together form a cradlee support upon which the ladle 23 may be rested and'slidback and forth while pouri The use of this kind of a support with ahadl e enables the workman to continue the 55 pouring as long as desired, and to distribute l .crowning shape in transverse section. crownlng commences as soon as the glass 1s thepour very evenly across the entire width necessary to form the sheet; this being accomplished by sliding the ladle back and Aforth while in its 4pouring position. There are several advantagesinherent to this way of pouring, among which may be mentioned that the wire mesh passes through the glass for a comparatively short distance only before it is ermanently placed in position; the pour o glass encounters but a relatively smal portion of the periphery of the roll,

and is therefore' less rapidly cooled and,y

what is perhaps more important, tumbled or `rolled less durino' the spreading operation; the pour mayI be larger than could be well accommodated by dumping the entire ladleful at once; the leading roll 'is not in.

contact with so large a mass of molten glass at any time and consequently is not heated to the same degree, and the Workman is able to perform his work of pouring much more accurately and easily than is the case where the ladle is supported durin of the same by sheer strengt 1.

, As hereinbefore stated, it is a feature of the present invention to so form the sheet of the emptying glass that each portion of the sheet as it is. initially formed is given substantially its.

permanent formation. That is to say, it is not subsequently' re-rolled or disturbed in such Way as to re-distribute its mass or to disturb or displace the wire mesh placed therein. This condition will follow as a matter ofcourse if the sheet is completed when the spreading and embedding roll passes over the sheet and the glass iiows in and closes the cuts or openings by its own gravity and molecular attraction. However, when the sheet of glass is to be made more uniform as to its surface by rolling, I proceed as follows: I have discovered that lone of the most important reasons for failing to successfully make high quality wire glass in accordance with the prior art single-` pour processes was due to the use of suoli methods and ap aratus as resulted in reaction of .the heat and assumes a distinctlyl This dumpedbut increases materially during the progress rof the formation of the sheet. If, as has heretofore been customary, a.v straight c lindric roll be used to roll out-and smooth t e sheet. it will, ofcourse, be obvious that the sheet will be made thinner at4 the middle than at the edges thereof to the extent that the peripheryiofth'eroll and the' bed of the table have been thrown out of parallelism by 'the expansive 'effect described.' Ina-smuch as the spreading roll passes over thev bed of the tablea's fast as V.the ball of glass is spread, and is usually started very promptly after the pour has commenced, itfollows that the 'crowningof the ta'blefbeneath this roll is less thanis .the lcase withany roll or rolls-which traverse the sheet after it has been spread. It is, however, appreciable even under the spreading roll, and-if lass is to be made of uniform thickness om'` edgetofedge it is; necessary-'that the roll be .of the' fflanfes" themselves. In practice have found rom three to. five thirty-seconds' of an inchsmaller diameter'at the center of.-

theroll'than at the acting endsthereof to be.

correspondingly concave. 'Accordingly'- I prefer 'tomakethe combined spreading and embedding roll `concave both as. to its main 1 body between {the'` flanges andas to theedges Suitable.

' this roll is made in .conformity with the` When-I use asmoothing roll, las-for eX-,I

ample as indicated at 24; in the drawings',

usual practice, except that it is made. concave compens'ate for the crowning of thetable in axial section to an Aextent vsuflicientto under the'action of the spread-outsheet of glass. -In practice I- have found that 'from- 4/32 to '6/32`of' an inch smallerv diameter` at the center than at either end is suitable; assuming thatthe machine is-of a size for making vsheets of glass up to fty inches in width.I vThe "smoothing,roll 24 i s'm0unted. upon trang'sor collars, thejsainefasthe lead,

riphery be supported at'a 'distance from .the bed of the table almost or just equal tov the'A mean thickness'of the sheet of glass, so that it" will press 4the surface of the, glass and.

l uniform the same .without substantially. dis'-v This means that the eripheral speed ofy these rollers must be adjusted with consitlerablenicet If either of these rolls `has a periphera `speed greater than the speed at which .the Tbed is passing beneathit, relaproducing a surplus of glass and wave-like .flanges and surfaceof the collars, and I have 1 25 found that if the glass be properly fluid, and the flanges of proper material and shape, and suitably smooth and clean, the' outs yor4 openings caused by the entrance of the embedding flanges and the meshes of the wire will be 130 trary, if the roll be rotating at a' peripheral.

tively` speaking, then the roll tends to. draw through the roll-pass too much glass, thus effect in rear of the roll, while on the conspeed which is too slow Ias Acompared with the onward movement ofthe table, itl will=l produce a dragging edect upon the surface -of the sheet, which will not only make the .effects of improper peripheral speed in'jthe yor-morerelatively light riding ordinating' ,rolils, as :2 9f and-30';v these rolls being supfcave-to a degree accurately conforming to the concavity of the smoothing'roll 24 so y that the weight of the rol-ls will be distriblatter uneven but, if sev'ere enough,-will show its effect intransverse cracks throughthe skin ofthe'top surface Moreover, the

case of theembedding roll, in addition to a softenedby the heat 'of the O'lass, and stretch j them out:in case' the roll lsv rotated too slowly, To obviate these objections I- ro-` vide racksf25 along each sidey of the ed,l

.and upon each ofthe several rolls provide f gears fixedf upon the rolls andwhich inte'rmeshwith these racks. "In the drawings, 26 and 27 designate the gears of the leading vand smoothing rolls,- respectively. I prefer. v:toprovid'e 'aseri'es of gears, gradedin sizev` foreach ofthes'everal rolls, substitutin one pair for another in adjusting each rol being so shaped that byraising. or' lowering the rack' bodily the pitch line engagement' between rack and gears. will be`changed,"`a'nd the speed 'accordingly adj usted. The means of yadjusting the rack'vertically-shown in the present instance, comprisestap bolts 2 8 ness tothe glass, I sometimesv employ one ported in journal forks or slots 31 and 32,y

in such manner thattheuweight of therolls rests wholly upon .thef surface of' the glass.

The peripheries of these rolls: are .rnade cori- ;uted with. approximate uniformity throughf outthe full width of the sheet.; The se rolls need not be controlled as to thelr' peripheral speed, sincexthesheet has suflicient firmness torotate themwithout distorting the surf -.face. j v l 'v Itis important that the glass be very fluid, 1'15 d. ehot, at the time of pouring, in' order that .'.theglass shall readily flowfinto the spaces` :between the embedding flanges and :accu` ',.rately embed .the netting withoutI tending i .-to distortthe latter, and, yperha s more im- 120 portant still, flow together and-c ose the cuts or openings in rear' of the embedding rol l *I'have heretofore mentioned the importance 1 of employing dense `metal for the .embedding 70." tendency to displace thel glass, also tends to buckle the; wire netting 1n` case the roll isA rotated. too-fast, orto distort the meshes,

until I'getthe correct peripheral speed. To ...provide for furtherslight variations or atlv -jus'tments of the peripheral speed, I make -therack 25 adjustable as to height; its teeth threaded vertically through the. bed frame, yand engaging'the under sides of the racks. .To impart a vstill greater degree of smooth-l entirely obliterated in so far as the interior of the sheet is concerned. It is further to be noted' that rapidity ofoperatioii is-important,` and the f closeness with.- which the smoothing roll'follows the leading roll also' contributes to' the sigpes's of theA operation.l By rapidityof operation, excessive cooling 'of the glass is avoid'ed,i and corresponding overheating of the machinery'. However, what has been said with reference torapidity of operation, fluidity of the glass and com'- pactness of the machinery applies much more'emphaticallyfto the making 0f thin glass than heavy glass I havey found lthat eavy glass may be made without any diili'` culty 'without operating more rapidly or 'using glass more vfluid than that heretofore commonly used.

VVliile' Iliave herein shown an apparatus in which the' leadin Aroll is a combined spreading and embed ingroll, and havedescribed the method as carried out with this apara'tus, yet` I wish it distinctly understood that in the broader vaspects of the invention the pieseiitmethod is employed where the sheet of glass'isgpreliminarily spread by a roll which'is-closely followed by an embedding Iroll providedwitli suitable flanges. In

substantially undeviatin such ythe leading roll serves merel to effecta'preliminary spreading of the g ass.

In this modification of the method, as in'v that previously described, the important thing is toi-maintain the netting under proper cont-rol is being inset or rolled-in, so that it'e'iitersfthe'sheet and is deposited ina plane, and the avoidanceof any substantial re-formation or rie-distribution of the mass of theI sheet after the wire'has been inset. So also tlie import-'- tance of employiii rolls vto conform to tliel expanded shapeo the table is,"if anything, greater in this instance, lbecause there Aisa slightly longer interval loft'ime-for the heat `of the glass to act uponthe'apparatus.

5v5 rout a single layer full-thickness sheet While the apparatus described is in part specially designed to carry. into 'effect my `improved process, yet it is,'of course, under- Vstood that the invention maybe practiced 4with the aid of apparat-us otherwise lconstr iicted.

I `claim as my invention: 1. An improved single pour process of making wire glass, which consists in rolling of glass, progressively and by tlie use of smooth, dense-surfaced, means, dividing one lsideof said .sheet by a series of cuts narrow `relatively i l'readily flows back and closes them, said cuts to their depth, whereby the glass extending to a uniform tially Vthrough the sheet,

depth vand jbiitparas the formation ofsaid cuts proceeds, vfeeding beneath said' cutting means a sheet'ofL wire netting under 4niai'ntained control'and guidance,iand held' against response to flow-v.

simultaneously,

vl` ing movements of" the glass until it has been A positively directed to and placed within, -tlioseparts of the sheet wherein the sheetspreading formative action has been' coni-- pleated', tliereby'depositing the netting ina- 70 substantially undeviating plane parallel withI f the surfacev of tli'e sheet and coincident with,

4 the bottom of said cuts, and completing saidsheet by efecting'tlie closingof-saidcuts y. without disturbing the placed nettingand -Without respreadiiigl or effecting flowing orj, i

.mass movements of the intact half ofthe L sheet.` i Y 2. An improved single pour process. of `making wire Glass, which consistsin spreadf 89 ing outy a fullfthickness sheet of lass and lprogressively inserting into'onesi e'therefof a sheet of wire netting maintainedunder positive control and uidance, meclianically .A heldtaut both lateral yandlengthwise, and 85',I

'held-against response to ilowingmovements elif; vof tlievglass until 1t l hasbeen ositively-idi rected to, and placed lwithin` ose parts of `the sheet wherein theV sheet spreading forma-i" i tive action has been finally. completed and y:9o

the netting deposited' therein inas ubstan'` "1"' ti'ally turbed plane. Y

3. An improved ,usiiigle-'pour'processof, iiiaking'wire glass, which consistsin pro- 95'v gressively spreading out a fu1l't','liicknessA sheet of glass, concurrently and pro, 2;ress-4 4ively insetting into one side thereof-a s heetif of wire ynetting under suchcontroland guidance that it' is not free to respond to iloweijlo'o# faces of which 'pressingfdevices-are main-`V undeviating and subsequentlyunds A tained substantially in. accurate vparallelisn'i the mean thickness of thepre-formed part` of without substantial redistribution of the. massvafter its initial formation and without substantially disturbing .the netting. 4. An 'improved 'single-pourprocess of makin wire glass, whichconsists'in rolling out va IuK-thickness sheet of glass and pro#r lgressivelyand simultaneously embedding a sliect of Wire netting-therein, by forcing the l20 wire into and below the surfaceoftlie sheet to` a uniformdepth yby the use-0f means Aforming cuts narrow" relatively dto their,"

depth and having smooth, fdense surfaces,

practically non-absorbent andfree-"fifoin oc-v 125 cluded gas, whereby the insettir'igiisaccom; plijshed without contaminationof the glass. i

5. A method of `making single-pour wire l glass,` Whicli'consists infpouring' a 'mass ofv molten glass'upon a -at forming'surfacey'l and at adistance apart substantially that' of` 110 the sheet, whereby saidressing -is effected and thereby deposit it in, its final p reducing the niass to sheet form and eoncursaid i guiding means forming ents narrow rently, as t progresslye operatlon, feeding'a relatively to thelr depth and having'slnooth, sheet of Wire netting under maintalned tendense, surfaces substantially free from gases. 10

sion past guiding means which extend into CLEMENT J. JUN GERS. the midp1ane ofthe formed. part of the Witnesses: sheet and positively direct the netting to, ALBERT H. ,GRAvEsr ane, EMILIE. Rosn. 

